Tesla is reportedly sourcing components such as harmonic reducers and joint modules from suppliers in Taiwan, China, to prepare for mass production of its humanoid robots.
Automation equipment suppliers Alliance Material and Asia Optical are key vendors, with the former supplying critical parts like harmonic reducers and the latter supplying sensing components.
The production line for Optimus 3 is expected to start around the end of July or August, with a long-term goal of an annual production capacity of 10 million units.
June 23 – U.S. electric vehicle company Tesla is transforming into a robotics company, yet it has not provided a clear timeline for robot mass production.
However, according to reports, Tesla may be preparing for large-scale production of its humanoid robots, as it is collaborating with suppliers in Taiwan, China, to procure components such as harmonic reducers and joint modules.
Reports indicate that automation equipment suppliers Alliance Material and Asia Optical plan to make a full effort in the second half of the year to support the mass production of Tesla’s Optimus 3 humanoid robot. Among them, Alliance Material’s Taiwan plant has begun supplying key harmonic reducers and joint modules, while Asia Optical produces high-resolution and high-precision lenses for robot eyes.
Production Readiness
Tesla CEO Elon Musk has insisted since 2025 that Tesla is a robotics company and continues to push the company’s transition from electric vehicles to the robotics sector. This also provides greater imagination space for investors’ valuation of Tesla.
According to Musk’s previous plan, the production line for Optimus 3 will start at the California plant in the U.S. around the end of July or August, with capacity expansion at the Texas plant next summer, and a long-term goal of an annual production capacity of 10 million units. This production capacity target undoubtedly places high demands on the upstream supply chain.
Alliance Material stated that it cannot comment on the start of supply for Optimus 3 mass production but emphasized that the production progress of key robot components is proceeding smoothly. The industry expects that its joint venture plant in Thailand, which utilizes the existing factory of Kedali, is expected to commence mass production soon.
Alliance Material previously announced that it will establish a joint venture, Comeng Thailand, with partners Shenzhen Kedali and Allied Innovation Technology to accelerate the shipment of key robot components in the second half of the year. The shareholding ratios of the three companies are 39% for Alliance Material, 51% for Kedali, and 10% for Allied Innovation Technology.
Asia Optical’s related products are currently in the sample and trial production stage, but mass production is expected in the second half of this year, roughly in line with the Optimus 3 mass production schedule. Asia Optical Chairman Lai Yiren stated that it has cooperated with three European and American clients for small-scale trial production, applied to hand perception and visual recognition, with an estimated requirement of at least seven to eight lenses per robot.
In the current global economic landscape, central banks of major economies are adjusting their monetary policy stances at different paces, leading to continued volatility in the foreign exchange and capital markets.
The Federal Reserve has signaled that it may maintain higher interest rates for a longer period to address persistent inflationary pressures. Meanwhile, the European Central Bank is facing a trade-off between supporting economic growth and containing price increases.
In the Asia-Pacific region, the Japanese yen remains under depreciation pressure as the Bank of Japan sticks to its ultra-loose monetary policy. Emerging market currencies are also experiencing differentiated performance against the backdrop of a strengthening U.S. dollar.
Geopolitical risks, including conflicts in the Middle East and tensions in Eastern Europe, are adding uncertainty to global energy supply and commodity prices, thereby influencing inflation expectations and market risk appetite.
Investors are closely monitoring upcoming economic data releases, including the U.S. non-farm payroll report and consumer price index, which will serve as key references for the Federal Reserve’s future interest rate decisions.
